| Russell J. Hemley |
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DirectorPhone: (202) 478-8951 Homepage Russell J. Hemley's research explores the chemistry of materials over a broad range of thermodynamic conditions from low to very high pressures. He began his research career in molecular spectroscopy and electronic structure theory. An interest in the effects of high pressures on materials led him to the Geophysical Laboratory of the Carnegie Institution of Washington. There he began to apply and extend chemical physics techniques in high-pressure diamond anvil cell experiments. Since then, his research program has expanded to include high-pressure experimental and theoretical studies in condensed matter physics, earth and planetary science, and materials science. Some of his accomplishments include the discovery of new phenomena in dense hydrogen at megabar pressures; observations of unusual transformations in molecular materials and novel high-pressure molecular compounds; the creation of new superconductors, magnetic structures, glasses, and superhard materials under pressure. He is also involved in the continued development of high-pressure techniques, including optical methods, synchrotron radiation for diffraction and spectroscopy, and transport measurements. Russell J. Hemley grew up in California, Colorado, and Utah, and attended Wesleyan University, where he studied chemistry and philosophy (B.A., 1977). He did his graduate work in physical chemistry at Harvard University (M.A., 1980; Ph.D. 1983). After a post-doctoral fellowship in theoretical chemistry at Harvard (1983-84), he joined the Geophysical Laboratory as a Carnegie Fellow (1984-86) and Research Associate (1986-87), became a Staff Scientist in 1987, and became Director in 2007.. He has been a visiting Professor at the Johns Hopkins University (1991-92) and at the Ecole Normale Superieure, Lyon (1996). He is the recipient of the 1990 Mineralogical Society of America Award, and is a Fellow of the American Physical Society, the American Geophysical Union, and the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. He was elected as a member of the National Academy of Sciences in 2001 and became a member of JASONS in 2003. In 2005, he was awarded the Balzan Prize in Mineral Physics and in 2008 he became a Corresponding Fellow of the Royal Society of Edinburgh. He has been an author on over 500 publications. He has been an author on over 480 publications. Recent Publications Goncharov, A. F., R. J. Hemley, and E. Gregoryanz, Comment on "The melting line of hydrogen at high pressures", Phys. Rev. Lett., submitted.
Meng, Y., P. J. Eng, J. S. Tse, D. M. Shaw, M. Y. Hu, J. Shu, S. A. Gramsch, C. Kao, R. J. Hemley, and H. K. Mao, Inelastic x-ray scattering of dense solid oxygen: evidence for intermolecular bonding, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., submitted.
Goncharov, A. F., J. C. Crowhurst, V. V. Struzhkin, and R. J. Hemley, Triple point on the melting curve and polymorphism of nitrogen at high pressure, Phys. Rev. Lett., submitted.
Liu, H., L. Wang, X. Xiao, F. De Carlo, J. Feng, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, Anomalous pressure-induced behavior of amorphous selenium from synchrotron x-ray diffraction and microtomography, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., submitted.
El Goresy, A., P. Dera, T. Sharp, C. T. Prewitt, M. Chen, L. S. Dubrovinsky, B. Wopenka, N. Boctor, and R. J. Hemley, Seiferite, a dense orthorhombic polymorph of silica from the Martian meteorites Shergotty and Zagami, Eur. J. Mineral., in press.
Dattlebaum, D. M., L. L. Stevens, E. B. Orler, M. Ahart, and R. J. Hemley, Brillouin-scattering determination of the acoustic properties of polymers at high pressure, in Shock Compression of Condensed Matter -- 2007 (American Institute of Physics, Melville, NY).
Goncharov, A. F., P. Beck, V. V. Struzhkin, R. J. Hemley, and J. C. Crowhurst, Laser heating diamond anvil cell studies of simple molecular systems at high pressures and temperatures, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, in press.
Jenkins, T., V. V. Struzhkin, J. Leao, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, Inelastic neutron scattering spectroscopy of tetrahydrofuran, hydrogen clathrate, Chem. Phys. Lett., submitted.
Lipinska-Kalita, K., O. A. Hemmers, P. E. Kalita, G. Mariotto, S. A. Gramsch, R. J. Hemley, and T. Hartmann, High-pressure structural integrity and structural transformations of glass-derived nanocomposites: A review, J. Phys. Chem. Solids, submitted.
Lipinska-Kalita, K. E., P. E. Kalita, and R. J. Hemley, β-to α- Ga2O3 phase transition in a nanocomposite material: In situ high pressure synchrotron x-ray diffraction investigations, Phys. Rev. B, submitted.
Mao, W. L., V. V. Struzhkin, A. Q. R. Baron, S. Tsutsui, C. E. Tommaseo, H. R. Wenk, M. Y. Hu, P. Chow, W. Sturhahn, J. Shu, R. J. Hemley, D. L. Heinz, and H. K. Mao, Experimental determination of the elasticity of iron at high pressure, J. Geophys. Res., submitted.
Struzhkin, V. V., A. F. Goncharov, R. Caracas, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, Synchrotron infrared spectroscopy of the pressure induced insulator-metal transitions in glassy As2S3 and As2Se3, Phys. Rev. B, 77, 165133 (2008).
Zha, C. S., K. Mibe, W. A. Bassett, O. Tschauner, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, The P-V-T equation of state of platinum to 80 GPa and 1900 K using new internal resistive heating diamond-anvil cell techniques, J. Appl. Phys., 103, 054908 (2008).
Somayazulu, M., J. Shu, C. S. Zha, A. F. Goncharov, O. Tschauner, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, In-situ high-pressure x-ray diffraction study of H2O ice in VII, J. Chem. Phys., 128, 064510 (2008).
Ahart, M., M. Somayazulu, P. Dera, H. K. Mao, R. E. Cohen, R. J. Hemley, R. Yang, H. P. Liermann, and Z. Wu, Origin of morphotropic phase boundaries in ferroelectrics, Nature, 451, 545-548 (2008).
Chen, X. J., V. V. Struzhkin, Y. Song, A. F. Goncharov, M. Ahart, Z. Liu, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, Pressure-induced metallization of solid silane, Proc. Nat. Acad. Phys., 105, 20-23 (2008).
Chen, X. J., B. Liang, Z. Wu, C. Ulrich, C. T. Lin, V. V. Struzhkin, R. J. Hemley, H. K. Mao, and H. Q. Lin, Oxygen isotope effect in Bi2Sr2Can-1CunO2n+4+d (n=1, 2, 3) Single Crystal, Phys. Rev. B, 76, 140502 (2007).
Gregoryanz, E., A. F. Goncharov, C. Sanloup, M. Somayazulu, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, High P-T behavior of nitrogen to 170 GPa, J. Chem. Phys., 126, 184505 (2007).
Santoro, M., E. Gregoryanz, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, Anomalous optical emission in hot dense oxygen, Solid State Comm., 144, 225-229 (2007).
Scott, H. P., Z. Liu, R. J. Hemley, and Q. Williams, High pressure infrared spectra of talc and lawsonite, Am. Mineral., 92, 1814-1820 (2007).
Struzhkin, V. V., B. Militzer, W. L. Mao, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, Hydrogen storage in molecular clathrates, Chem. Rev., 107, 4133-4151 (2007).
Yoshimura, Y., H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, An in situ Raman spectroscopic study on the reversible transition between low-density and high-density amorphous ices at 135 K, J. Phys.: Cond. Matt., 19, 425214 (2007).
Yoshimura, Y., S. T. Stewart-Mukhopadhyay, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, In situ Raman spectroscopy of low temperature high pressure transformations of H2O, J. Chem. Phys., 126, 174505 (2007).
Stevens, L. L., E. B. Orler, D. M. Dattelbaum, M. Ahart, and R. J. Hemley, A Brillouin-scattering determination of the acoustic properties and their pressure dependence for three polymeric elastomers, J. Chem. Phys., 127, 140906 (2007).
Hemley, R. J., V. V. Struzhkin, and R. E. Cohen, Measuring high-pressure electronic and magnetic properties, in Treatise on Geophysics (ed. G. D. Price), 293-337 (Elsevier, Amsterdam, 2007).
Zha, C. S., R. J. Hemley, S. A. Gramsch, H. K. Mao, and W. A. Bassett, Optical study of H2O ice to 120 GPa: dielectric function, molecular polarizability, and equation of state, J. Chem. Phys., 126, 074506 (2007).
Somayazulu, M., S. A. Gramsch, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, High pressure-high temperature reactions in xenon-chlorine system, in Materials Research at High Pressure (eds. M. R. Manaa, Goncharov, A. F., Hemley, R. J. and Bini, R.), 987, 127-132 (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, 2007).
Shu, J., W. L. Mao, R. J. Hemley, and H. K. Mao, Pressure-induced distortive phase transition in chromite-spinel at 29 GPa, in Materials Research at High Pressure (eds. M. R. Manaa, Goncharov, A. F., Hemley, R. J. and Bini, R.), 987, 179-184 (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, 2007).
Okuchi, T., M. Takigawa, J. Shu, H. K. Mao, R. J. Hemley, and T. Yagi, Fast molecular transport in hydrogen hydrates by high- pressure diamond anvil cell NMR, Phys. Rev. B, 75, 144104 (2007).
Mao, H. K. and R. J. Hemley, The high-pressure dimension in earth and planetary science, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 104, 9114-9115 (2007).
Kaminskii, A. A., R. J. Hemley, J. Lai, C. S. Yan, H. K. Mao, V. G. Ralchenko, H. J. Eichler, and H. Rhee, High-order stimulated Raman scattering in CVD single crystal diamond, Laser Phys. Lett., 4, 350-353 (2007).
Degtyareva, O., V. V. Struzhkin, and R. J. Hemley, High-pressure Raman spectroscopy of antimony: As-type, incommensurate host-guest, and bcc phases, Solid State Comm., 141, 164-167 (2007).
Degtyareva, O., M. Martinez Canales, A. Bergara, X. J. Chen, V. V. Struzhkin, H. K. Mao, and R. J. Hemley, Crystal structure of SiH4 at high pressure, Phys. Rev. B, 76, 064123 (2007).
Degtyareva, O., E. R. Hernandez, J. Serrano, M. Somayazulu, H. K. Mao, E. Gregoryanz, and R. J. Hemley, Vibrational dynamics and stability of the high-pressure chain and ring phases in S and Se, J. Chem. Phys., 126, 084503 (2007).
Ciezak, J. A., T. A. Jenkins, Z. Liu, and R. J. Hemley, High-pressure vibrational spectroscopy of energetic materials: Hexahydro- 1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), J. Phys. Chem., 111, 59-63 (2007).
Chen, X. J., V. V. Struzhkin, Z. G. Wu, H. Q. Lin, R. J. Hemley, and H. K. Mao, Unified picture of the oxygen isotope effect in cuprate superconductors, Proc. Nat. Acad. Sci., 104, 3732-3735 (2007).
Chellappa, R. S., D. Chandra, S. A. Gramsch, M. Somayazulu, and R. J. Hemley, Pressure-induced phase transformations in Li-based complex hydrides, in Materials Research at High Pressure (eds. M. R. Manaa, Goncharov, A. F., Hemley, R. J. and Bini, R.), 987, 133-138 (Materials Research Society, Warrendale, Pennsylvania, 2007).
Caracas, R. and R. J. Hemley, New structures of dense nitrogen: pathways to the polymeric phase, Chem. Phys. Lett., 442, 65-70 (2007).
Ahart, M., A. Asthagiri, Z. G. Ye, P. Dera, H. K. Mao, R. E. Cohen, and R. J. Hemley, Brillouin scattering study of Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3, Phys. Rev. B, 75, 144410 (2007).
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